How to Improve Presentation Skill

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Definition of enquiry problem Your originations expertnesss atomic number 18 just as Coperni empennage as the training you argon presenting. Presentation skills argon important for every individual when you stand the withdraw to present yourself. It is not exactly essential for your workplaceing but also for here later on career. When you are applying for a job, you vex to present yourself as a sincere applicant who is ready to improvise the organisation using his or her technical and non-technical skills. simply if you present yourself with the right attitude, you pass on be able to get the job.Even when you are in the job, you should be tending business meetings with the higher officials where your foundation skills will prove yourself. The procedure of this paper is to study the effectiveness of viva manifestation as an assessment as welll in university and career as intimately. The assessment practices in these playing areas give up been studied by many authors. Assessment whitethorn involve written tasks such as es set up, level report, calculation using formulae, computer simulation, short answer or descriptive writing in examination, dickensfold choice questions and also an viva presentment on a written task.However, the issues relating to viva presentation welcome not been studied sortly before. This paper reports the results of an empirical investigation of oral presentation used Banking University, particularly in Foreign Language Faculty. 1. 2 Research scope and objectives Three circumstantial questions are address in this paper. The first question is close the inportance of mental process in oral presentation. The second question is well-nigh the effect that gender and student background determined by students nationality may ready on their performance in oral presentation and some other forms of assessment.The third question is or so developing perspicacitys on versatile issues i nvolved in the student performance in oral presentation in university and future career. The study of oral presentation with the issues involved stand bys student in catch the relationship between the steps of devising a presentation. The study of effect of gender and nationality of students on their performance can help in understanding the problems associated with particular multitudes of students and can help resolve equity and learning issues in a particular group of students. 1. Structure of research report This report bulges with an in depth literature review in chapter ii which examines the oral presentation and issues involved. In chapter three, research questions are formulated from the literature. Chapter four provides exposit regarding the research mannerological analysis selected by the researcher, in an attempt to collect data. This systemology includes qualitative as well as valued methods of data collection. The compile dated is disclosed in chapter five, t hrough the use of graph and figures, as well as direct quotation from experts.An in depth review of the findings is examine in great de Tail in chapter six. Here more than common themes and opposing opinions are explored more closely. Chapter seven concludes the research and offers proposed future research motion. Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW In todays business environment, the competition in the workplace is getting more competitive. It is no longer enough for you to have the necessary capability to do the job, you should also be able to guggle well, write well, and present yourself attractively to your superiors.Until recently many researches have been tiree in this topic. Researchers show the importance of presentation skills and the way to improve them in operative environment (Tom Antion), In fact, its not enough just considering the side of whether being good or gravid of the presentation. We should consider it from many aspects to enhance our capacity in presenting and succeed in career. Thus, our research focus on analyzing the shipway for students especi all(prenominal)y for seniors who will become staffs or entrepreneurs in the near future to cultivate their presentation skills.This paper was executed to solve communication problems noted above deficient oral presentation skills and its purpose is to address (1) a few possible reasons for students inability to effectively deliver presentations and (2) training strategies designed to help students develop a proficiency in the area of oral presentations. 2. 1. Explanations of Students forgetful Presentation Performance 2. 1. 1. Communication- adjoind fear The inability to effectively deliver oral presentations may stem from a communication-related anxiety ac cutledgen as oral communication apprehension.This is the biggest problem that presenter may come up against. The problem McCroskey (1977) defined as an individuals level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or pass judgment com munication with some other person or persons (p. 78) which may contribute to an increase in anxiety and outlet of self bureau and, consequently, negatively affect ones action to engage in oral communication from face-to-face speaking to an reference by delivering a presentation or speech.According to Phillips (1968), a performer contributing to measly communication performance may lie in ones remembrance of his or her parents misusing linguistic process to ventilate grievances, berate one another, or verbally harass family members, including oneself. These negative experiences may have led the individual to be fearful or reticent of communication dialog, resulting in climb-d take from oral communication encounters. 2. 1. 2. Vague Intent You memorized the content (and it shows, by the way). both(prenominal)one has a question. Panic sets in. You neer prepared for questions and all you know more or less this topic is what is written on the veers. If you are not clear more or less what you lack your presentation to earn, then its success will be a hit-and-miss affair at best. What is the purpose of your presentation? , said Shaun Killian (2009). 2. 1. 3. Poor Structure It is intergral to prepare structure to transfer you intent after having clear familiarity about the topic you are going to present. It is not as simple as the popular tell them what you will be saying, say it, and tell them what you have said formula (Seven sins of poor presentations, Shaun Killian ,c. 2009).Not so well prepared structure will not allow you to deliver a cohesive presentation that achieves your intent. 2. 1. 4. Not Understanding Your Audience A great presentation given to one auditory sense may fall flat when repeated with another because large number are different and you lack to change your presentation for the specific sense of hearing concerned. Youve heard the phrase know your audience but do you know how to do that? Of course it means to know who is in y our audience, what their general preferences are, to know different ways to relate to them, etc (n. ). Assuming you do, how you allow them to easily understand your points is an obstacle. 2. 1. 5. Low Engagement Storytelling is a way to engage audience because it sparks our imagination and plays to our innate desire to know what happens next (n. d). Sooner or later, the connection between you and your audience will be replaced by a boring atmosphere if you fail in engaging them. 2. 1. 6. Poor Preparation Shaun cl suffered that audiences can sense when you are relying on a script or using your slides as a crutch to hide your lack of knowledge.A lack of cooking can also throw off your clock, difference you to (1) Cram an everywhereload of information into the time you have left, or (2) Come up with ways to carry through your re maining time. 2. 2. Strategies To Improve Students Presentation Skills 2. 2. 1. Plan the purpose Before you create a new presentation, or when you review e xisting presentation, ask yourself whats my purpose for giving this presentation? Is your goal to persuade, to inspire, to inform or to entertain (Chakisse Newton, 2008). Having a clear understanding of the presentations purpose enables you to set more specific goals.Being clear about what you want your presentation to achieve will enable you to make wise decisions about how to best structure and deliver it. 2. 2. 2. Prepare carefully for your presentation To deliver an effective presentation, you have to know your material well. Here are approximately tips you can use to repare carefully your presentation * Checkthatwritingislegiblefromthebackoftheroom * Smoothtransitionbetweentopicsandslides * Sequenceofpointsislogical * Getfeedbackfromaclassmate * Becomefamiliarwiththeaudio-visual you shouldnt use a number of media (i. e. verhead projector and slides and blackboard) until you are quite assured and experienced. If you are going to use mixed media, it is even more important that you rehearse, to get an indication of how long it will take to turn off one projector, start the other etc. * Timing of your presentation. To get your timing right, you need to rehearse your presentation. Actors, musicians and other performers understand this all too well. Yet many presentations are not practiced until they are conducted live in straw man of the audience. Rehearsing your presentation will help you speak with confidence and stay on track.It also helps you to operate away from vague ideas about content into the more concrete realm of what you will say and how you will say it (Shaun, 2009) * Get used to public speaking and compact your skittishness * Identify any mannerisms that may be inappropriate or annoying during public speaking. For example, these may include a tendency to lay off sentences with the word like or yknow or perhaps you begin every sentence with an errm , or ahhhm or So. . , or maybe you begin every new slide by saying Where are we now? or Well, . . Once you have identified them, and with a elflike practice, you will be able to damp control your use of these mannerisms. Dont worry too much about having a few of them in your seminars- you are not a robot In addition, large number generally have a very good ability to filter the occasional errm or ahhhm out of your main points. It is the overuse of such mannerisms that is problematic. 2. 2. 3. Some other important tips * Devote most preparation time to break up understanding your audience. * What have they been up to recently? What have they achieved? Will they be conflicting or receptive to what you have to say? * What do they already know or believe about the matter at hand? * What do you know about their learning styles and personalities? * What challenges do they face in their workplace? What help do they need? * What do they like and respect? To truly understand your audience, you need to avoid the clinical, somewhat removed method of answering these quest ions and try to view affairs from their perspective (Shaun, 2009). * Think of ways to actively engage them. One of the most powerful ways to accomplish this isthrough storytelling. here are other ways to engage your audience. These include using * Questionsboth real and rhetorical, to get people idea about what you have said * Gamesthat reinforce the key messages in your presentation * Movementto wake people up * Literary devicessuch as parallel structure, word pictures, triads, metaphors and the antithesis 2. 3. Summary of literature and research aim The materials including 3 books and an article conducted by relevant website. This literature on oral presentation involved two issues of students oral presentation.This study made a contribution to the study of presentation by offering insight into issues involved in the oral presentation. In particular, this study identified the problems associated with the execution of oral presentation and proposed the strategies for students to defeat the problems. Although the above strategies may appear to constitute a precise structure, they are subject to modification and carelessness at the strategy for the communication-related anxiety. More studies should be learned in order to get a clearer and deeper knowledge about managing anxiety for the presentation.Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY 3. 1 Subjects to the study Finding reliable and valid sources of information for the research was a challenge for the researcher. The researcher used electronic databases using keyword? searching methods to settle handed-down and online sources on the topic. The primary database used to locate sources was well? known research journals and publications. Another database used to locate sources was the Library of Banking University. The researcher used Library of Banking University primarily to locate traditional sources such as books and some research articles.This paper attempts to answer the above mentioned research questions through an ana lysis of student data collected from Faculty of Foreign Language, at Banking University over a period of for years from 2010 to 2014. Because we do not have enough time to do the sketch the whole Foreign language Faculty we do the abide by in the class we are studying with, which comprises 35 students who are studying the subject over this period. break of these 27 are female students, 8 males. This research was conducted by questionnaire and investigated junior studentsattitudes to the importance of presentation.The questionnaire used multichoice method to assess student attitudes and provided open ended responses for additional comments. No personal information was collected the survey was voluntary and anonymous. There was an 85% response rate to the questionnaire. A breakdown of the responses is listed below in dining table 1. It can be clearly seen from the results that there are many students acknowledge about the importance of oral presentation and its relevant issues as well. The survey also allowed participants to suggest any strategies for the progress from the preparation to the presenting of the talk to have a good presentation. . 2 Research instrument The questionnaire instrument is a popular method doing research . It consist of 11 questions edited by researchers. Most of these questions focused on the importance of presentation skill ,the difficuties in doing a presentation and finding the way to improve. We gave somes mutiple choices . And some questions ,there is space for the participants to give their own opinions. After getting the information in the survey ,the data was gathered and annalyzed to come to findings 3. 3 entropy collection and research procedures.The data collection procedures in this thesis consist of two phases Phases 1 it took researchers a half of month from October 10th to October 25th 2012,to review previous study and select the ralated materials in this subject Phases 2 after that on November 6th 2012 35 copies of the questionaire were distributed to the participants . Then the information was gathered and analyzed to achieve the concrete conclusion. This process lasted 7 days to November 13th . Lastly, it took more than a week to perfect and finish this research paper from November 13th to November 20th ,2012.Chapter 4 DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDING 4. 1. Responses to the questionaire 4. 1. 1. Participants s opinions about presentation skill in future career. Most of them (60%) agree presentation skill is the most important skill to get s good career . 30% participants entail knowledge is the most important and 10% is neutral. 4. 1. 2 Reasons why students can not be a good presenter. * 35% of students think the lack of preparation makes the poor presentation. * It is culculated that 30% of students did a bad presentation because of being short of confidence. 25% of students have problem with the language they use in the presentation. * 10% of them gave some different reasons such as body langua ge, pronunciation,the content of the presentation ,. 4. 1. 3. Methods to have a good presentation There are some methods for an attractive presentation that participants gave * Prepare carefully for the presentation. * Get used to public speaking and reduce your nervousness * Use some small games or a funny stories in the presentation. * Use body language * Use simple word or definitions. * 4. 2. SummaryAccording to the survey ,the real situation is found out . 60% of participants agree presentation skill is very important ,30% disagree and other 10% of them are neutral. It was reason that the lack of preparation makes up 35% among the reasons which lead to the failure in presentation. The other 2 main problems are language and short of confidence. Along with that the participants also gave some solutions that they used to improve their presentation skill . Those finding indicated not only the importance of presentation skill but also the method to attack it. Chapter 5 DISCUSSIO N AND RECOMMENDATION . 1. Preparation 35% of participants think lack of preparation makes the presentation fail. Some people recommend memorizing a script and practicing it intensely for as long as you possibly can. opposite people suggest having key talking points and riffing on those. From heavy-duty preparation to minimal preparation, youll get it all, and everything in-between. Besides, over time with enough practice you can learn to speak and present in any style. From there, you can find your own speaking style. Moreover , it is quite helpful to practice each section of presentation in pieces.You should focus on one part, memorize the core elements, run through it till you are well-situated and then move to the next piece. Then its just a matter of stringing the pieces together, which is easier. 5. 2. arrogance 30% people point out that confidence contributes a lot to an excellent presentation. Definitely, practicing in front of people helps you more confident. If you havent given a lot of presentations thiswill feel bunglesomebut its better to get over those feelings now rather than when youre on stage. You need the quiet time to memorize things and get a feel for what youre doing.However, it will be better to practice while distracted by other sounds or visually because it makes you feel more confident . All the advice in the world wont help if you cant get comfortable with your preparation, practice techniques and ultimately, the presentation itself. Do whatever makes you feel comfortable. The more comfortable you feel, the more confident you feel, and the better things will go. 5. 3. Language It is adviced not to get hung up on specific words. Its unlikely that wanting(p) or changing any one word will totally ruin your presentation, so dont worry about perfection.Practicing hand gestures is also essential. If youre giving a naked presentation (with nothing in front of you like a table, etc. ) then you need to be certain of what youre doing with your hands and your feet. So think about your hand gestures and how they relate to what youre saying. If you plan to move around, pace in sync with your words. Ive been practicing this for a few days with great success. Chapter 6 refinement 6. 1. Strengths As students of Foreign Language Faculty, we have more chances to practice presentation in comparison with other students.It is also considerable advantage for doing surveys and collecting data from our classmates. 6. 2. Weakness Still being senior students, the researchers have not been trained presentation skills systematically. Also, the time for processing this thesis was limited. The researchers can not apply more research methods into the procedure to tap into more evidence for the statements. However after very hard working to gear up the research, the researchers are in the hope of bringing up the solution to make people find effective methods to get success in making a perfect presentation.APPENDIX QUESTIONNAIRES These ar e all the questions the researchers used in the questionaires during the procedure 1 Do you think presentation skill is important? * Yes * No 1. How much time do you spend preparing your presentation? * a. a day * b. a week * c. a few weeks * other 3. What common mistakes do you (and your group also) usually make in the presentation? * a. spell mistakes * b. Pronunciation * c. Too many information on the slide * Other 4. How do you feel about a presenter with a note? * a. Its ok.. * b. So unprofessionalThey should learn by center all the stuffs * c. Not very professional but acceptable * Other 5. What do you do to shroud nerves before presenting? * a. Drink some water . * b. Take a deep breath, relax the vigour . * c. Imagine the audiences turn into some kinds of funny things . * Other 6. Do nerves affect your presentation? * a. Yes, my have is ache. My hands shake. I just want to run away * b. My hands shake, my heart pounds but I try to finish the presentation * c. A bit nerv ous, but I prepare very carefully. Everythings gonna be OK . d. I dont care whats gonna happen. I just want to finish this . * Other 7. you often find the information from which sources? * a. The internet * b. Books * c. Newspapers, magazines * Other 8. How frequent do you say uhm, ohm during your presentation? * a. Very often * b. Sometimes * c. Rarely * d. Never 9. What do you do if the questions are so difficult or you dont prepare well? * a. Answer arbitrarily * b. Ask for another question * c. Ask for teachers help * d. Apology and promise to reply on the adjacent day 10.Do you use body language when presenting? * a. Mostly eye contact. I always look at the audiences to make sure theyre listening * b. I know its important, but I notwithstanding use it. There are too many other things to handle * c. The most important thing is the contain and the presentation. If its interesting, the audiences will pay attention * Other 11. What have you done so uttermost to improve your pres entation skill? a. Prepare carefully b. Use body language c. Use a note while presentting. d. Other REFERENCES Daly,J. A. ,&McCroskey,J. C. (Eds). (1984).AvoidingcommunicationShyness, reticence,a ndcommunicationapprehension. NewburyParkSage. Gallo,C(2006). The10 thrashpresentationhabits. BusinessWeek. com. Retrieved October20,2006from Krannich,C. R. (2004). 101Secretsofhighlyeffectivespeakerscontrollingfear,commandingattention. McCannon,M. &Crews,T. B. 1999. Mostcommongrammaticaland punctuationerrors madebyundergraduatesasperceivedbybusinesscommunicationprofessors.Parvis,L. F. (2001). Theimportanceofcommunicationandpublic-speakingskills. http//inc. com/guides/how-to-improve-your-presentation-skills. hypertext markup language http//presentationmagazine. com/presentation-skills-and-how-to-develop-them-7577. htm http//presentationsoft. about. com/od/powerpointinbusiness/tp/071231resolutions. htm http//images. businessweek. com/ss/06/02/mistakes/index_01. htm RESEARCH PAPER WRITING EVA LUATION FORM Student name Grading criteria tag Content Purpose/ objective /10 Coverage and relevance of literature in relation to the topic/ research question /20Ability to summarise and evaluate the literature in relavant to the topic/ research question, including the identification of agreements and contradictions or gaps, etc. /20 Form Coherence and structure of the paper /15 lucidness of the outline including clear and consistent layout, script and spelling provision of subheadings where approciate introductory and concluding sections, etc. /15 Clarity and appropriateness of academic conventions forquoting, paraphrasing, citing references, etc according to the guidelines learnt. /20 Total marks /100 General comments inspectorDateB? NG PHAN CONG CONG VI? C T? t c? thanh vien d? u tim kiem tai li? u ,t? ng h? p va ch? n l? c tai li? u . Sau khi hoan thanh xong ph? n c? a minh g? i qua cho t? ng thanh vien xem va ch? nh s? a . sau day la b? ng phan cong c? th? T? NGUY? N PHU ? C VINH * discriminate 1 INTRODUCTION * PART2 LITERATURE REVIEW * T? NG H? P BAI TR? N TH? BICH TRAM * PART3METHODOLOGY * Part4 DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDING * T? NG H? P VA PHAN TICH S? LI? U KH? O SAT BUI TH? KIM TUY? N * PART 5 DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION * PART 6 CONCLUSION * T? NG H? P VA PHAN TICH S? LI? U KH? O SAT